🐉 Kali Linux Full Command Tutorial (With Examples & Demos)

🔰 Introduction

Kali Linux is one of the most powerful operating systems for ethical hacking, penetration testing, and cybersecurity.
To master Kali, you must first understand the Linux command line — because almost every hacking tool depends on terminal usage.

In this blog, you’ll learn all essential Kali Linux commands, explained in simple words with real demos.
Let’s begin your hacking journey 🚀

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⚙️ 1. Basic System Commands

Command	Description	Demo
pwd	Shows your current working directory	Example: → pwd → /home/kali
ls	Lists files and folders	ls → shows contents; ls -la → detailed view including hidden files
cd	Change directory	cd Desktop, cd .. (go back), cd / (root)
clear	Clears the terminal screen	clear
whoami	Displays your current username	whoami → kali

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💾 2. File & Folder Management

Command	Description	Demo
mkdir	Create new directory	mkdir test_folder
rmdir	Remove empty directory	rmdir test_folder
touch	Create empty file	touch notes.txt
cat	Show file content	cat notes.txt
rm	Delete files	rm notes.txt, or rm -r foldername (for folders)
cp	Copy files/folders	cp file1.txt /home/kali/Desktop/
mv	Move or rename	mv old.txt new.txt or mv file.txt /root/

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🔍 3. System Info & Monitoring

Command	Description	Demo
uname -a	Shows OS info	uname -a → Linux kernel details
top	Real-time system usage	Press q to exit
df -h	Disk usage info	df -h → human-readable format
free -h	RAM usage	free -h
uptime	Shows system uptime	uptime

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🌐 4. Network & Internet Commands

Command	Description	Demo
ifconfig	Show all network interfaces	ifconfig (old version), use ip a for new
ping	Test connection to a host	ping google.com
netstat -tuln	Show open ports	netstat -tuln
traceroute	Trace route to host	traceroute google.com
curl	Fetch data from URL	curl https://example.com
wget	Download files	wget https://example.com/file.zip

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🔒 5. User Management Commands

Command	Description	Demo
adduser	Add new user	sudo adduser hacker
passwd	Change password	passwd hacker
su	Switch user	su hacker
id	Show user ID info	id
who	List logged-in users	who

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🧰 6. Permission Commands

Command	Description	Demo
chmod	Change file permissions	chmod 755 script.sh
chown	Change ownership	chown kali:kali file.txt
sudo	Run command as root	sudo apt update

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📦 7. Package Management

Command	Description	Demo
apt update	Update package list	sudo apt update
apt upgrade	Upgrade all packages	sudo apt upgrade
apt install <package>	Install new tool	sudo apt install nmap
apt remove <package>	Remove tool	sudo apt remove nmap
dpkg -l	List installed packages	dpkg -l

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🕵️‍♂️ 8. Hacking Tool Examples (Demo Section)

🔸 Example 1: Scan Network Using Nmap

sudo apt install nmap
nmap -sP 192.168.1.0/24

✅ Scans your entire local network for live devices.

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🔸 Example 2: Crack Wi-Fi Passwords (Aircrack-ng)

sudo airmon-ng start wlan0
sudo airodump-ng wlan0mon
sudo aircrack-ng captured_file.cap -w /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

✅ Used for Wi-Fi network auditing (educational use only ⚠️).

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🔸 Example 3: Capture HTTP Traffic (Wireshark)

sudo wireshark

✅ Analyze live packets and detect vulnerabilities.

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⚡ 9. Useful Shortcuts

Shortcut	Action
Ctrl + C	Stop running command
Ctrl + L	Clear terminal
↑ / ↓	Navigate command history
Tab	Auto-complete commands
!!	Repeat last command

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🧠 10. Pro Tips for Learners

• Practice commands daily inside the Kali terminal.

• Try real demos in Kali Linux VirtualBox to avoid system damage.

• Learn bash scripting to automate repetitive tasks.

• Always use hacking tools ethically (never attack without permission).

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🎯 Conclusion

You’ve just learned the most complete Kali Linux command tutorial with real examples and demos.
Mastering these commands gives you the foundation to explore ethical hacking tools like Metasploit, Nmap, Aircrack-ng, Hydra, Burp Suite, and more.

Keep experimenting — because the command line is your real hacking playground ⚔️.